Financing for equity in pre-primary education
1. Education resources to subnational governments
2. Education resources to institutions
3. Education resources to students and families
4. Social policies and family support programmes
Introduction
Key financing indicators (UIS Data)
According to UIS data, the official entrance age to pre-primary education in Turkmenistan is 3 years old. Legal frameworks provide for three years of free pre-primary education. Data on compulsory pre-primary education are not available. The net enrolment rate for pre-primary education for both sexes is 31.98%.
Governance
According to 2021 Law on Education, the Cabinet of Ministers is responsible for allocating and overseeing education expenditures (Art. 33), while the Ministry of Education participates in developing and implementing the education budget (Art. 35). Preschool institutions are directly funded from the State Budget (Art. 39).
Tuition-free status
Pre-primary education is financed from the State Budget of Turkmenistan under the 2021 Law on Education.
1. Education resources to subnational governments
Pre-primary education is highly centralised. No financing mechanisms exist to transfer funds from the central government to local governments for public or private pre-primary education.
2. Education resources to institutions
According to the Law on Education (2021), public pre-primary institutions receive government subsidies directly from the State Budget (Art. 39). Funding standards must account for “special conditions for obtaining education by students with disabilities,” ensuring allocations consider the additional needs of this group. No other targeted funding criteria based on income, gender, or regional factors are included.
3. Education resources to students and families
No financial support mechanisms for pre-primary education are offered by the Ministry of Education.
4. Social policies and family support programmes
No social policies or programmes exist in Turkmenistan to provide financial assistance for access to pre-primary education through ministries other than the Ministry of Education.
